Beyond the Color Line and the Iron CurtainExamining the significant influence of the Soviet Union on the work of four major African American authorsand on twentieth century American debates about raceBeyond the Color Line and the Iron Curtain remaps black modernism, revealing the importance of the Soviet experience in the formation of a black transnationalism. Langston Hughes, W. E. B. Du Bois, Claude McKay, and Paul Robeson each lived or traveled extensively in the Soviet Union between the